Therapeutic potential of Withania somnifera (Linn) Dunal (Ashwagandha) in historical perspective and pharmacological evidence

Abstract

Withania somnifera widely known as Aswagandha, highly acclaimed medicine in ancient medical systems such as Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha and Chinese traditional medicine. The pharmacological importance of Withania somnifera is described in the different classical Ayuvedic narrative such as Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Astangahridaya, Chakaradatta and various Nighantus. The plant used for the treatment of various ailments and works as nonspecific basis for better health and finer longevity. Nowadays it is scientifically proved that the plant possesses antioxidant activity, protect from anxiety and depression, nootropic effect, cardiovascular protection, anti-bacterial activity, anti-inflammatory properties, aphrodisiac, anti-venom, anti-fungal, anti-viral, sedative effects, hypoglycemic, thyro-protective, anti-diabetic and different cancer. This study aims to review and relist the various therapeutic applications of this plant and its importance in Ayurveda as per ancient classical texts.