USH2 Caused by GPR98 Mutation Diagnosed by Massively Parallel Sequencing in Advance of the Occurrence of Visual Symptoms

Abstract

Objective: We present 2 patients who were identified with mutations in the GPR98 gene that causes Usher syndrome type 2 (USH2). Methods: One hundred ninety-four (194) Japanese subjects from unrelated families were enrolled in the study. Targeted genomic enrichment and massively parallel sequencing of all known nonsyndromic hearing loss genes were used to identify the genetic causes of hearing loss. Results: We identified causative mutations in the GPR98 gene in 1 family (2 siblings). The patients had moderate sloping hearing loss, and no progression was observed over a period of 10 years. Fundus examinations were normal. However, electroretinograms revealed impaired responses in both patients. Conclusion: Early diagnosis of Usher syndrome has many advantages for patients and their families. This study supports the use of comprehensive genetic diagnosis for Usher syndrome, especially prior to the onset of visual symptoms, to provide the highest chance of diagnostic success in early life stages.