Modulation of the acetone/butanol ratio during fermentation of corn stover-derived hydrolysate by Clostridium beijerinckii strain NCIMB 8052

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Abstract

Producing biobutanol from lignocellulosic biomass has shown promise to ultimately reduce greenhouse gases and alleviate the global energy crisis. However, because of the recalcitrance of a lignocellulosic biomass, a pretreatment of the substrate is needed which in many cases releases soluble lignin compounds (SLCs), which inhibit growth of butanol-producing clostridia. In this study, we found that SLCs changed the acetone/butanol ratio (A/B ratio) during butanol fermentation. The typical A/B molar ratio during Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 batch fermentation with glucose as the carbon source is about 0.5. In the present study, the A/B molar ratio during batch fermentation with a lignocellulosic hydrolysate as the carbon source was 0.95 at the end of fermentation. Structural and redox potential changes of the SLCs were characterized before and after fermentation by using gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry and electrochemical analyses, which indicated that some exogenous SLCs were involved in distributing electron flow to C. beijerinckii, leading to modulation of the redox balance. This was further demonstrated by the NADH/NAD+ ratio and trxB gene expression profile assays at the onset of solventogenic growth. As a result, the A/B ratio of end products changed significantly during C. beijerinckii fermentation using corn stover-derived hydrolysate as the carbon source compared to glucose as the carbon source. These results revealed that SLCs not only inhibited cell growth but also modulated the A/B ratio during C. beijerinckii butanol fermentation.

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Liu, Z. Y., Yao, X. Q., Zhang, Q., Liu, Z., Wang, Z. J., Zhang, Y. Y., & Li, F. L. (2017). Modulation of the acetone/butanol ratio during fermentation of corn stover-derived hydrolysate by Clostridium beijerinckii strain NCIMB 8052. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 83(7). https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.03386-16

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