Origin of alimentary tract in embryogenesis of Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae)

Abstract

We studied the embryos of Ixodes ricinus (L.) in the second and third trimester of embryonic development, by using light and transmission electron microscopy. At the beginning of the second trimester, the formation of the foregut and rectal sac, by a process of invagination, was observed. The invagination, which develops into the primordium of the hindgut, forms only in the third trimester. The rectum forms in the last phase of embryogenesis. The development of the midgut is incomplete during embryogenesis. The yolk is surrounded by a wall, formed of an amorphous basal lamina and flattened cells, that gradually accumulate deutoplasmic material. These cells do not acquire the typical features of the gut epithelium until after larval hatching. These features are, however, found in the cells forming the rectal sac. © 2005 Entomological Society of America.