In vitro and in silico activities of Solanum melongena and Physalis angulata in DPP-IV inhibition in Diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Background: Impaired insulin secretion causes type 2 diabetes mellitus. The DPP-IV affects the secretion of insulin. DPP-IV inhibition is a potential therapeutic approach because it ensures optimal insulin secretion. Solanaceae family plants have the potential to inhibit the DPP-IV because of their phytochemicals, such as flavonoids and phenolic. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the DPP-IV inhibitory activity of Solanum melongena and Physalis angulata. Method: The fruits were crushed and extracted. Phytochemical screening and total flavonoids and phenol contents of the extracts were determined. The DPP-IV inhibition assay was done via molecular docking, and the in vitro study was conducted to measure the percentage of inhibition. Result: S. melongena had a higher content of total flavonoids and phenolics. In the docking study, ferulic acid and withangulatin A showed the best binding activity with DPP-IV compared to other compounds. P. angulata had a higher DPP-IV inhibition percentage than S. melongena. Conclusion: S. melongena and P. angulata had DPP-IV inhibitory activity.