Coagulopathy in trauma

Abstract

Trauma is one of the most important causes of deaths worldwide. Massive bleeding is the leading cause of trauma deaths in the first 24 hours following an injury. Major trauma patients frequently develop coagulopathy, which is related to huge bleedings, fluid therapy with crystalloids and red blood cells, acidosis and hypothermia. The control of this situation is a challenge to surgeons and intensivists. In addition, trauma victims are one of the most important consumers of blood components. Recently, the adequacy of this massive transfusion has been put into question, particularly due to the lack of well-developed and clinically-proved guidelines. The objective of this article is to provide an overview of the pathophysiology of the trauma coagulopathy, discussing current strategies available for its management and new developments in the field.