Hukum Dakwah Dalam Alquran; Mengkaji Makna Perintah Dakwah Dalam Perspektif Tafsir Maudhui

  • Ismail M
  • Januri J
N/ACitations
Citations of this article
52Readers
Mendeley users who have this article in their library.

Abstract

There is a lot of debate in the midst of Muslims, regarding whether da'wah is wājib kifāyah or wājib 'ain. As a result of the debate, many Muslims left da'wah and there was a lot of decline (weak faith, weak deeds, corrupted morals, conflicts and being oppressed). Therefore, researchers are motivated to study the law of da'wah in the interpretation of the Qur'an. The research method uses a qualitative approach, and data analysis uses the tafsīr maudhū'i method, and the data sources are books of interpretation. As a result of his research, there are two da'wah laws: wājib kifāyah, and wājib 'ain. Scholars who say the law of obligatory da'wah kifāyah are Al-Suyuti, Al-Qurtubi, and Al-Andalusi. Fardhu kifāyah is an obligation that is obligatory on some Muslims, if there is already a group that preaches, then the others fall. They postulate the sentence min functions lit tab'īd, meaning in part; Muslims do not have to preach all, but there must be jihād, war, scientific councils, pesantren; and not all Muslims are able to preach, because there are stupid people, and the laity. The scholars who say the law of da'wah is wājib 'ain (obligation for every Muslim), are Ibn Kathir, Al-Razi, Al-Sya'rawi, Al-Maraghi, Al-Baghaw,i and Ibn Al-‘Arabi, with the reason: the sentence min functions li At -tabyīn (explanatory for all); supported by the verse "you are the best people, who invite to good and forbid to evil"; confirmed the hadith "Whoever sees an evil, let him change it with his hand"; every Muslim is obliged to try to be safe from loss (khusrin) and gain profit (muflihun); Every Muslim (ulama, ustadz, rich, poor, old, young, official, people) is obliged to preach according to their respective abilities and conditions.Keywords: Law of Da'wah, Fardhu Kifāyah, Fardhu 'Ain, Tafsīr Maudhū'i AbstrakBanyak perdebatan di tengah-tengah ummat Islam, antara dakwah itu wājib kifāyah atau wājib ‘ain. Akibat perdebatan itu banyak umat Islam meninggalkan dakwah dan banyak terjadi kemerosotan (iman lemah, amal lemah, akhlak rusak, konflik dan ditindas). Oleh karena itu peneliti termotivasi untuk mengkaji hukum dakwah dalam tafsir al-Qur’an. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dan analisis data menggunakan metode tafsīr maudhū’i, dan sumber datanya adalah kitab-kitab tafsir. Dan hasil penelitiannya, hukum dakwah ada dua: wājib kifāyah, dan wājib ‘ain. Ulama yang mengatakan hukum dakwah wajib kifayah adalah Al-Suyuti, Al-Qurtubi dan Al-Andalusi. Fardhu kifāyah adalah kewajiban yang diwajibkan kepada sebagian umat Islam, jika sudah ada kelompok yang berdakwah, maka gugurlah bagi yang lain. Mereka berdalil: kalimat min berfungsi lit tab’īd, bermakna sebagian; umat Islam tidak harus berdakwah semua, tapi harus ada yang jihad, perang, majlis ilmu, pesantren; dan tidak semua umat Islam mampu berdakwah, karena ada orang bodoh, dan awamnya.  Ulama yang mengatakan hukum dakwah wājib ‘ain (kewajiban bagi setiap muslim), adalah Ibnu Katsir, Al-Razi, Al-Sya’rowi, Al-Maraghi, Al-Baghawi dan Ibn Al-Arabi, dengan alasan : kalimat min berfungsi li At-tabyīn (penjelas untuk semua); didukung ayat “kalian adalah umat terbaik, yang mengajak kepada kebaikan dan melarang kepada yang munkar”; dikuatkan hadits “siapa saja yang melihat kemunkaran, maka hendaklah ia merubahnya dengan tangannya”; setiap orang Islam wajib berusaha agar selamat dari kerugian (khusrin), dan meraih keuntungan (muflihun); setiap orang Islam (ulama, ustadz, kaya, miskin, tua, muda, pejabat, rakyat) wajib berdakwah sesuai kemampuan, dan kondisi masing-masing.Kata Kunci: Hukum Dakwah, Fardhu Kifāyah, Fardhu ‘Ain, Tafsīr Maudhū’i

Cite

CITATION STYLE

APA

Ismail, M. S., & Januri, J. (2023). Hukum Dakwah Dalam Alquran; Mengkaji Makna Perintah Dakwah Dalam Perspektif Tafsir Maudhui. SALAM: Jurnal Sosial Dan Budaya Syar-i, 10(3), 881–906. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjsbs.v10i2.32087

Register to see more suggestions

Mendeley helps you to discover research relevant for your work.

Already have an account?

Save time finding and organizing research with Mendeley

Sign up for free