Review: Verbal agitation in dementia: The role of discomfort

Abstract

Verbal agitation (VA) is a disturbing and commonly observed behavioral symptom in people with dementia. Although several different variables contribute to VA, it seems that discomfort plays an important role. The overall objective of this article is to review the relationship between VA and discomfort among people with dementia. Specifically, this article discusses the place of discomfort within the conceptualizations of VA, empirical support for the association between discomfort and VA, and practical implications of this relationship in the assessment and treatment of VA. This article contributes to a better understanding of VA and provides recommendations for prevention and effective intervention. © 2010 The Author(s).