TPF induction chemotherapy and concomitant irradiation with cisplatin and cetuximab in unresectable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

Abstract

Background The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and toxicity of docetaxel, cisplatin/5-fluorouracil (TPF) induction chemotherapy and concomitant immunochemoradiotherapy with cetuximab and cisplatin in unresectable head and neck carcinoma. Methods Treatment consisted of TPF induction chemotherapy (docetaxel 75 mg/m2 day 2; cisplatin, 75 mg/m2 day 2; and 5-fluorouracil 750 mg/m2 days 1-4; 4 cycles), followed by radiotherapy (RT) and concomitant weekly cetuximab, (250 mg/m2, after a loading dose of 400 mg/m2) and cisplatin (30 mg/m2). Results Twenty-five of 30 patients completed 4 cycles of induction chemotherapy. Six or more concomitant infusions of cisplatin and cetuximab were administered in 13 of 25 and 18 of 25 patients, respectively. The 2-year locoregional control, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were 47%, 47%, and 50%, respectively. Patients with grade ≥2 skin reaction to cetuximab had a superior outcome. Conclusion The tested regimen was effective; however, cetuximab and low-dose cisplatin after induction TPF increased the treatment toxicity. A grade ≥2 skin rash correlated with improved efficacy.