Hémorragies digestives hautes : aspects cliniques, endoscopiques et évolutifs. A propos d’une série de 62 patients malgaches

Abstract

Introduction. Data concerning upper gastrointestinal bleeding are scarce in Madagascar. The aim of our study was to describe clinical, endoscopic and outcome of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in a sample of patients from Madagascar. Methods. A retrospective, descriptive study was conducted on the files of inpatients presenting with haematemesis and/or melena from January, 2007 to June 2009. All patients had undergone upper endoscopy. Results. Sixty two patients were recorded. Mean age was 45 years (extreme: 20-85 years). Sex ratio was 3,42. Peptic ulcer was the most frequent lesion encountered during endoscopy and the main cause of bleeding with respectively 35.60% (26 lesions) and 41.93% (26 cases). Oesophageal variceal bleeding was the main cause of death (2 out of 3 cases of death). Conclusion. Our study confirms previous data regarding causes and causes of death during upper gastrointestinal bleeding. In our country, we suggest pragmatic care in the absence of upper endoscopy. Firstly, In case of cirrhosis, we recommend beta-blockers treatment as pro- phylaxis of variceal bleeding. Secondly, we encourage the use of proton pomp inhibitors in all cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.