A review of advancement of hydrographic surveying towards ellipsoidal referenced surveying technique

Abstract

Hydrographic surveying is one of the most seasoned types of marine research and includes a procedure of gathering bathymetry information that can be utilized as a part of creating and maintaining nautical chart. Establishment of modern nautical chart is very crucial to marine safety, coastal zone management and fish and mineral industries. This paper is an attempt to review the advancement of hydrographic surveying technique from the past decade towards Ellipsoidal Referenced Survey technique. An overview of hydrographic surveying, basic principle of development techniques and considering the merits and hindrances of the techniques will be summarized to support future application. Discussion of future directions will also be outlined.