Los protocolos de actuación con víctimas de acoso escolar. Análisis de una normativa institucional

Abstract

The protection measures against school violence (bullying) initiated based on the Ombudsman’ reports must promote acting regulations. The Law Regulating the Criminal Responsibility of Minors (5/2000) establishes the justice of restitution, which dictates making amends for the harm caused, a premise that must be taken into account in the regulations. This paper analyzes whether the institutional proposals of the Community of Murcia (Spain) for action against school victimization (AVE Protocols) meet these needs. Specific protocols were selected and content analysis was carried out by descriptors and action phases. Regarding the descriptors, the bully is not included in the specific actions, and restitution is not contemplated. The psychologist’s role is assumed by the guidance counselor. The principals are responsible in the first instance, and the guidance team as advisor. The phases of action are: detection, intervention with those involved and their families, and follow-up. Regarding attention to the bully, it refers to a list of measures, mostly punitive sanctions. The need to act in defense of the victims is indicated, but the proposals do not specify who controls these situations, which actions of protection and change of attitudes should be carried out, or how to perform the restitution.