Governments for better education: Taking panel data of state legitimacy, democracy and public services

Abstract

State legitimacy is increases quality of education as in the absence of it the higher education institution will make more profit and gave low quality of education. If the state legitimacy prevails in the country, then the government will be able to regulate these institutions and can bring better policies in the country. Democracy gave right to the students to study whatever they want, to get enrolled in whatever education and can have their own point of view. Democracy empowers students and thus this will contribute to the quality of the education. In any nation the number of public services given to the individuals increase the life standard in the same way if scholarships and funds should be given to the students, electricity would be provided to the educational institution then the quality of the education can be improved. So, state legitimacy, democracy and public services have significant association with the quality of education. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of three dependent variables including state legitimacy, democracy and public services on the independent variables on the quality of the education. The data was collected from ten different Asian countries including are Pakistan, India, Malaysia, Indonesia, China, Afghanistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, Turkey and Saudi Arabia. The timeline of the study is 29 years from 2019 and the data was collected from The Economic Form, The World Bank reports as well as the Transparency International. The analysis was performed by using EViews and various statistical tests were applied including ADF, LLC, cointegration test and ARLD test. The results of ARLD test showed that all three dependent variables were significantly associated with the quality of education. Literacy rate was correlated with the rise in quality of education in both long and short run, but population growth showed rise in quality of education in long run but not in the short run. Only state democracy showed positive association in the long run but showed no association in the short run. The results of our study have social, political and economic implications.