Separation and identification of phenolic acid from borago officinalis (F:Boraginaceae) cultivated in Iraq

Abstract

The plant Borago officinalis, which belongs to the Boraginaceae family and Celebrated as borage, is one of the useful medicinal plants cultivated in Iraq. It was used in old medicine in Iraq, Iran, Syria and Europe for management of various diseases. It is commonly used as a tonic, tranquilliser, management of cough,sore throat, pneumonia,urinary tract infection, rheumatoid arthrites antioxidant, and anticancer. This project provides the first comprehensive research done in Iraq to study the phytochemicals and the methods of extraction and isolation of active constituents from Borago officinalis cultivated in Iraq. The plant was harvested in spring from AL-Rifai, Nassiriyah city/ IRAQ in February 2019. The aerial parts were washed carefully, dried under dark for two weeks, and milled in a mechanical grinder to a fine powder.The plant was extracted by cold extraction methods using %85 methanol solvent for three days then Fractionation with petrollium ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol(n.b) to separate the active constituents according to the change in polarities. The ethyle acetate fraction and n-butanol fraction were used for identification and isolation of phenolic compounds by TLC,PLC,HPLC and LC/mass. Results of the phytochemical screening exposed the presence of, phenols, tannins, fatty acid, in the plant extract. The phenolic acid(Sinapic acid, Rosmarinic acid, Caffeic acid) were separated and purified by PLC.The isolated compounds were subjected to several chemical,chromatographic and spectral analytical techniques for their identification such as TLC, HPLC,UV andLC/mass.