The Facade Characters of NIS Stations in the Yogyakarta-Bantul Line

Abstract

The development of station architecture in Indonesia was preceded by railroad transportation technology developed by the Dutch as a colonial state in the 19th century. In 1867 the Dutch government established the first line connecting Semarang to Yogyakarta. In Yogyakarta Province the development of NIS stations was driven by the growth of the sugar industry at that time. The Yogyakarta-Bantul railroad initially had 12 stations, but only five stations remained, namely Ngabean Station, Dongkelan Station, Winongo Station, Bantul Station, dan Palbapang Station. This study aimed to investigate the differences in facade characters of the Yogyakarta-Bantul NIS stations in more detail. It employed qualitative research methods with a rationalistic paradigm approach. Results revealed the characters in the transitional era where the buildings still had a terrace with simple pillars, a gable roof with a wide overhang with angles ranging from 40-45 degrees, decorative wall elements in the form of "arch" and clear geometri lines. In contrast, the stations with the post-independence Indies architecture no longer had a terrace but they had a limasan roof with angles ranging from 50-60 degrees, decorative elements of the wall in the form of simple geometric lines and stone fragments as wallcoverings. Experimental formations appeared on trapezoid-shaped doors and circular vents.