Disturbance–recovery dynamics inform seafloor management for recovery

Abstract

Over most of the world’s estuaries, coasts, and continental shelves, key indicators of seafloor biodiversity, anthropogenic stress, and ecological sustainability emphasize the need to shift habitat management and conservation from prevention of degradation to actions focused on ecological recovery. Here we discuss the role of ecological disturbance–recovery dynamics in devising and prioritizing effective management interventions. Understanding disturbance–recovery dynamics enables assessment of possible recovery outcomes and where these may be achieved. Ecosystem networks, biodiversity landscapes, species-specific biological traits, and location-specific contexts provide managers with information from which likely temporal and spatial scales of recovery can be determined. On the basis of ecological theory and empirical evidence, we emphasize the potential for key species to drive the recovery or maintenance of biodiversity in marine soft-sediment ecosystems.