Exploring the Cytotoxic Effects of Rosemary and Ginger Formulation with Mediated Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Dental Floss: A Brine Shrimp Model Study.

Abstract

The primary aim of this investigation was to assess the cytotoxic effects of a novel dental floss formulation integrating rosemary and ginger extracts, incorporated with titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The study involved meticulous preparation of rosemary and ginger extracts through cold maceration and subsequent concentration using rotary evaporation. Concurrently, titanium dioxide nanoparticles were synthesized using a green synthesis approach. Subsequently, the formulated extracts were meticulously applied to dental floss utilising a precise spray-coating technique. The cytotoxicity assay was conducted using a brine shrimp lethality test, exposing varying concentrations of the coated dental floss extract exposed to brine shrimp larvae. Statistical analysis, including ANOVA and post-hoc tests, was performed to assess concentration-dependent cytotoxic effects. ANOVA revealed significant differences in mean survival rates among concentration groups (P < 0.05). Notably, Tukey's HSD test showing significant differences between the control group and the 40 μg/mL and 80 μg/mL groups (p < 0.05), indicating pronounced cytotoxic effects at these concentrations compared to the control. The study demonstrated significant cytotoxic effects of the novel dental floss formulation, particularly at concentrations of 40 μg/mL and 80 μg/mL. Further research is crucial to optimize concentration levels and understand long-term effects, advancing the safety of oral hygiene products and periodontal health post-dental crown cementation.