Pharmacological Properties of Bioactive Extracts from the Rhizome of Aristolochia longa L

Abstract

Aristolochia longa is a medicinal plant well known in Moroccan folk medicine for its activity against constipation, intestinal infection and skin diseases. The present study is performed to estimate In vitro as well as In vivo immunomodulatory along with cytotoxic experiment characterized by aqueous and protein extricate of A. longa. The In vitro immunomodulatory results showed that aqueous extract at 0.1 mg/mL enhanced T-lymphocyte cells proliferation in the presence of ConA. While, in the presence of ConA and PMA, the protein extract at 0.1 mg/mL induced a significant decrease of T-lymphocytes and splenocytes proliferation. Both extracts were found to exhibit a significant diminution in phagocytic capacity and macrophage cells proliferation. They also induced a significant decline in the non-specific and specific humoral immune response. When, the protein chromatography separation was held to isolated two major fractions (F1: 75KDa and F2: 5 KDa) which showed an inhibitory effect on all immunity cells studied. The In vivo immunomodulatory response of aqueous and protein extracts have equally evoked a significant dose dependent suppressor effect on total leukocyte count including the granulocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes whereas the LD50 is found to be 1.26 g/kg by intra-peritoneal route. A. longa extracts also demonstrated apoptotic effects by about 9 to 11% against normal immune cells which confirmed the cytotoxic effects of both extracts. In conclusion, Aristolochia longa extracts exerts immunosuppression activities both In vitro as well as In vivo, have cytotoxic activity In vivo as explained by the apoptotic properties of aqueous and protein extracts against normal immune. © 2020 Innovare Academics Sciences Pvt. Ltd. All rights reserved.