Monoclonal antibodies and antibody drug conjugates in multiple myeloma

Abstract

Multiple myeloma is the second most common hematologic malignancy. Current treatment strategies are mainly based on immunomodulatory drugs, proteasome inhibitors or combination of both. Novel agents added to these backbone treatments represent a promising strategy in treatment of newly diagnosed as well as relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma patients. In this respect, the incorporation of monoclonal antibodies into standard‐of‐care regimens markedly improved prognosis of myeloma patients during the last years. More specifically, monoclonal anti‐ CD38 antibodies, daratumumab and isatuximab, have been implemented into treatment strategies from first‐line treatment to refractory disease. In addition, the monoclonal anti‐SLAM‐F7 antibody elotuzumab in combination with immunomodulatory drugs has improved the clinical outcomes of patients with relapsed/refractory disease. Belantamab mafodotin is the first approved antibody drug conjugate directed against B cell maturation antigen and is currently used as a monotherapy for patients with advanced disease. This review focuses on clinical efficacy and safety of monoclonal antibodies as well as antibody drug conjugates in multiple myeloma.