EDIBLE PLANTS OF THE TRADITIONAL MARKET OF SURAKARTA, INDONESIA: AN URBAN ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY

Abstract

Background. Surakarta is a city in Central Java, Indonesia with great potential for exploration in the field of urban ethnobotany. This research was conducted at Gede Harjonagoro Market, or locally called Pasar Gede, one of Surakarta’s earliest and largest traditional markets. It is also a location where locals and visitors can find various plant-based cuisines. Objective. To ethnobotanically study the variety of all plant-based foodstuff traded in Pasar Gede Harjonagoro. Methodology. Data was collected from December 2022 till July 2023 in Pasar Gede, Surakarta City, Central Java Province, Indonesia, using in-depth and semi-structured interviews with traders. The data analysis was conducted using both qualitative and quantitative methods, employing an ethnobotany approach. Taxonomic identification was conducted at the Biology Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Results. A total of 155 species from 47 families of edible plants was identified. The edible plants were classified into four distinct categories: staple foods (source of carbohydrate), fruits, vegetables, and spices. The majority of plants originate locally and are primarily cultivated. Implications. The findings of this study suggest that the diverse and cosmopolitan character of Surakarta has resulted in a greater need for a broader selection of food options. As a result, the majority of edible plants are grown and sourced from the surrounding satellite region of Surakarta. Conclusion. This demonstrates the lingering influence of the Sunanate heritage and the large variety of species demonstrates the cosmopolitan nature of Surakarta culture.