TGFβ1 effects on functional activity of porcine thyroid cells cultured in suspension

Abstract

Thyrotropin (TSH) and transforming growth factor β 1 (TGFβ1) have major roles in the regulation of folliculogenesis and differentiation in thyroid cells. Isolated porcine thyroid cells cultured in the presence of TSH on a plastic surface recover a follicular architecture and exhibit normal functional properties. The addition of TGFβ1 to the culture medium induces important morphological changes and extracellular matrix remodelling. Similarly, thyroid cells lose their ability to organify iodine and their responsiveness to adenylate cyclase. The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of TGFβ1 on the functional activity of thyrocytes in suspension culture, independent of follicle disruption. In this system, we demonstrate that TGFβ1 inhibits expression of thyroperoxidase, NADPH oxidase activity, iodine uptake and, consequently, iodine organification. Moreover, TGFβ1 decreases basal and TSH-stimulated cAMP production and TSH receptor expression. Taken together, these data converge to demonstrate an essential role of TGFβ1 in the regulation of the thyroid cell function.