Clinical and biochemical evaluation of rate of canine retraction following piezocision through a recently extracted site

Abstract

Aim: In order to reduce orthodontic treatment time, numerous procedures such as systemic and local drug administration, mechanical and physical stimulation, and certain surgical procedures are being used. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and biochemical effects of piezocision in a recently extracted site on the rate of canine retraction. Materials and methods: Patients who required bilateral extraction of maxillary premolars were selected and piezocision was carried out on one side immediately after extraction followed by canine retraction using nearly 150 g of force. The rate of tooth movement was measured on dental study casts. Alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase levels in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were used as indicators of bone turnover. Results: The rate of tooth movement was higher on the piezocision side despite recent extractions on both sides. This was supported by concomitant changes in enzyme levels in the GCF. Conclusion: The piezocision in recently extracted site increases the rate of tooth movement compared with that of the non-piezocision site. This increased rate of tooth movement was substantiated with the elevated enzyme levels indicating increased bone turnover with piezocision in a recent extraction site. Clinical significance: Piezocision in a recently extracted site can be used as an aid to accelerate tooth movement, which would reduce the overall treatment duration. The procedure would be highly beneficial especially in adult patients seeking orthodontic treatment.