Theoretical models of family educational involvement: Shared responsibilities between the school, the family and the community

Abstract

School achievements and the quality of education that children receive, rely heavily on the actions carried out by the first two agents of socialization, the family and the school. There are varied and complex factors and constraints affecting these two agents and, consequently, children& 39;s education. However, research shows that the frequency and quality of the relationships established between them helps improving the educational effectiveness in both contexts; thus, generating positive effects on children’s development and on their school performance. It provides, then, human and social capital. This article reviews some theoretical models on family educational involvement and on schools, families and communities collaboration. In particular, the article addresses: 1) Ecological Systems Model; (2) Overlapping Spheres of Influence Model; (3) “Syneducation” Model; 4) Causal and Specific Model of Parental Involvement; 5) Motivational and Multidimensional Construct Model, and 6) Hierarchic Bi-pyramidal Model. The article concludes underlining the benefits of schools, families and communities partnership to facilitate the proper school achievement of students, their full development, more positive coexistence both at school and at home and, finally, a greater educational quality.