Fabrication of Antibiofilm-Based-Polymer Nanocomposite for Biophysical Applications

Abstract

Polymer nanocomposites attracted significant interest because of their effective characterization and low cost. This investigation aims to fabricate newly cost-effective blended polymer polyethylene oxide (PEO), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and conductive nano-polyaniline (PANI) were improved by different loading ratios of hybrid graphene oxide (Fixed ratio = 0.05 %) and different loading ratio of silicon nitride (0.05, 0.25, and 0.45 %), (GO-Si3N4) nanomaterials to fabricated nanocomposites. PEO-CMC-PANI/GO-Si3N4 composites were fabricated using the acoustic-ultrasonic method. The semicrystalline performance of samples was proved using X-ray diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy exposed strong interfacial interaction. Field emission scanning electron microscopies showed homogenous samples with fine nanomaterial dispersion in the matrix, revealing significant changes. The transparency of the samples was increased with the rise in the nanomaterial’s ratio, with the main electron transitions at about 280 nm wavelengths due to reducing the optical band gap from 3.5 to 2.6 and 2.8 eV of allowed and forbidden transitions. The inhibition of biofilm formation by the nanocomposite at a concentration of 5 % for bacterial isolates of Escherichia coli and Streptococcus mutans was increased compared to untreated bacteria. The optical density of S. mutants and E. coli was improved from 0.95, 0.2, and 0.4 mm, respectively. These nanocomposites presented good and cheap materials with a high aptitude for killing bacteria. They could be used in various biological and related applications, such as coating operating rooms, tools, cleaning, and even replacing traditional disinfectants.