Internal and External Factors That Influence Development of Childrens Independence

Abstract

The independence of children is the assets of childrens to become prime human resource, independence not to depend on others is one of the steps that must be trained from an early age. This study is a cross-sectional analytic study that was conducted to identify the external and internal factors that influence development of childrens independence. The study was performed on mother who had 3-5 years old child, simple random sampling selected through from 170 mother in Al-Wahyu Kindergarten School. 119 mothers were selected study's respondents. The data were collected through questionnaires. The results of the study was obtained using mulitiple logistic regression test and it showed that the factors that influence development of childrens independence in Al-Wahyu Kindergarten School, Surabaya, were gender of the child as internal factor (OR=2.91; 95% CI=1.27 to 6.64; p=0.011); parenting style as external factor (OR=1.35; 95% CI=1.10 to 1.65; p=0.004) and the number of children in the family (OR=0.48; 95% CI=0.24 to 0.94; p=0.034). From the results it can be concluded that internal and external factors have a related influence so that right parenting style that is in accordance with the gender and position of the child in the family will increase the childs independence.