Praziquantel Nanoparticle Formulation for the Treatment of Schistosomiasis

Abstract

Schistosomiasis, a parasitic disease affecting around 250 million people globally, primarily children, necessitates the urgent development of pediatric praziquantel formulations, as outlined in the WHO neglected tropical diseases roadmap 2021-2030. We developed a low-cost PZQ nanoformulation utilizing a self-nanoemulsified delivery system (SNEDDS-PZQ). Physicochemical characterization confirms its hydrodynamic size and suitability for semi-industrial pilot batch production. Toxicity studies across multiple models demonstrate its safety profile. In vivo studies in schistosomiasis animal models reveal significant parasite load reduction (over 95%) with a single oral dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg of SNEDDS-PZQ, surpassing free praziquantel efficacy. Pharmacokinetic analyses demonstrate increased PZQ blood levels postadministration of SNEDDS-PZQ. Our findings highlight the promise of this innovative approach in pediatric schistosomiasis treatment by using this nanotechnology as a delivery system, offering potential for widespread application.