Pedigree analysis for determination of genetic diversity in mexican beef cattle populations

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate genetic diversity of seven Mexican beef cattle populations, using pedigree analyses. The analyses were carried out with the Endog software, using information of the registered animals on national herd-book of each breed. The size of the populations studied were: Angus (AN)= 73,271; Black Brangus (BN)= 68,474; Red Brangus (BR)= 12,925; Hereford (HE)= 13,248; Limousin (LI)= 53,221; Salers (SA)= 14,065; and Braunvieh (SE)= 184,788. In general, the populations showed important improvements in pedigree integrities for the more recent 10 yr, with comparative parameters to other published in cattle populations. The generation interval varied among breeds from 5.1 to 7.2 yr. The average inbreeding and relatedness coefficients were relatively low in the different populations (0.9-4.2 and 0.3-6.5 %, respectively); although increases of these indicators during the 10 more recent years were detected in some breeds (BN, BR and HE). The effective population size of studied populations fluctuated between 24 and 192, with values lower than 50 in BR and SA. The parameters related with probability of gene origin indicated that the unbalanced contribution of founders, the bottlenecks and genetic drift have had an important effect on the current populations with the consequent losses in genetic diversity. It is recommended to continue or adopt mating strategies that minimize inbreeding and the intensive use of few animals to maintain genetic variability in future generations, and to increase the genetic diversity through the strategical use of genes from other countries.