Desempenho viti´cola de variedades auto´ctones Italianas em condic¸a&tild;o de elevada altitude no Sul do Brasil

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the viticultural performance of 12 native Italian varieties, cultivated at 1,400 m of altitude in Sa&tild;o Joaquim, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The following varieties were evaluated during three cycles: Prosecco, Verdicchio, and Vermentino (white); and Aglianico, Aleatico, Ancellotta, Lambrusco Grasparossa, Montepulciano, Negroamaro, Rebo, Sagrantino, and Sangiovese (red). A completely randomized design was used, with five replicates of eight plants for each variety. The phenological stages evaluated were: budbreak, full bloom, veraison, and maturity. At harvest, the following were evaluated: yield and productivity per plant, total soluble solids (°Brix), titratable total acidity (meq L-1), pH, and contents of anthocyanin and total polyphenol. Thermal amplitude around 10°C during maturation positively influenced grape quality. The white varieties better adapted to the conditions of Sa&tild;o Joaquim were Vermentino and Verdicchio, with yields above 3.9 Mg ha-1, soluble solids above 18°Brix, and total polyphenol contents above 500 mg L-1. The red varieties better adapted were Sangiovese, Sagrantino, and Montepulciano, with yields around 6 Mg ha-1, soluble solids between 19 and 21.5°Brix, and total polyphenol contents above 780 mg L-1. Low temperatures during budbreak and the volume of rainfall are the most limiting climatic aspects for cultivating the evaluated varieties in Sa&tild;o Joaquim.