The Structure and Function of Oils and Fats: The Development of Analysis Methods for Triacylglycerol Positional Isomers and Enantiomers

  • NAGAI T
  • GOTOH N
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Abstract

論文要旨:トリアシルグリセロール(TAG)はグリセロールと 3 つの脂肪酸から構成される食用油脂の 主成分であり,生物にとっては非常に重要なエネルギー源である。油脂の物理的,栄養学的な性質はその脂 肪酸組成のみならず TAG 組成に影響されるが,その脂肪酸の結合位置はランダムではなく油脂の種類に固 有のものである。こうした油脂の性質を調べるためにグリセロール骨格上の sn-1,2,3 位の結合位置別の脂肪 酸組成が調べられている。これは油脂の全体の特徴を捉えられる優れた方法であるが,個々の TAG を見て いるわけではない。これまで TAG 分子種をクロマトグラフィーにより分離する種々の手法が開発されてい るが,近年 TAG 位置異性体に加え鏡像異性体も直接分離ができるようになってきた。こうした分析技術の 発展により TAG の構造に由来する栄養・物性の理解はさらに深まるであろう。 Abstract: Triacylglycerols (TAGs), which are composed of three fatty acids and a glycerol, are major components of natural edible oils and fats which is an essential energy source for organisms. The physical and nutritional proper ties of oils and fats are af fected by not only the fatty acid composition but also TAG composition. The binding position of fatty acid on the glycerol backbone is not random but dependent on the origin of the oils and fats. Although many researchers have so far studied the composition and the positional distribution of fatty acids of edible oils and fats to understand the proper ties of them, these data not show the compositions of intact TAGs. Analyses of TAG molecular species by GC and HPLC have also been developed and they have revealed the concrete compositions of TAGs in edible oils and fats. Recently, the separation methods for not only TAG positional isomer but also TAG enantiomers have been repor ted. These methods will enable the elucidation of the physical and nutritional proper ties due to the TAG structure in future.

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NAGAI, T., & GOTOH, N. (2013). The Structure and Function of Oils and Fats: The Development of Analysis Methods for Triacylglycerol Positional Isomers and Enantiomers. Oleoscience, 13(8), 355–363. https://doi.org/10.5650/oleoscience.13.355

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