Diamond particle detectors systems in high energy physics

Abstract

The measurement of luminosity at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) using diamond detectors has matured from devices based on a rather large pads to highly granular pixelated devices. The ATLAS experiment has recently installed a diamond pixel detector, the Diamond Beam Monitor (DBM), to measure the luminosity in the upgraded LHC with higher instantaneous luminosity. Polycrystalline diamonds were used to fabricate the diamond pixel modules. The design, production, and test beam results are described. CMS also has a similar plan to construct a diamond based luminosity monitor, the Pixel Luminosity Telescopes (PLT). In a pilot run using single crystal diamond, the pulse height was found to depend on the luminosity. Consequently the collaboration decided to use silicon instead due to time constraints.