Developing a Cross-Device Learning Management System to Enhance Digital Literacy and Historical Engagement in Indonesian Secondary Education

Abstract

This study developed and evaluated a cross-device learning management system (LMS) to enhance students’ digital literacy (DL) and historical engagement (HE) in Indonesian secondary history education. Using a research and development approach guided by the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADDIE) model, the study involved 500 Grade XI students and 12 history teachers from four public senior high schools in Bandung. The LMS was implemented for six weeks through blended learning activities using source analysis, discussion forums, timeline construction, reflective portfolios, and analytics-based feedback. Expert validation showed that the LMS had strong content relevance, usability, and pedagogical integration. Pre-test and post-test results indicated significant improvements in DL and HE, with moderate-to-high normalized gains. LMS analytics also showed high student participation across learning modules, while user evaluation confirmed strong content relevance, interactivity, usability, and pedagogical value. The findings suggest that a pedagogically structured cross-device LMS can transform history learning from content delivery into an interactive digital ecosystem that supports source evaluation, collaborative inquiry, and reflective participation. This study contributes a validated digital history learning model aligned with the Merdeka Curriculum and relevant to technology-enhanced secondary education.