Current Trends and Future Directions in Renewable Energy Systems

Abstract

A variety of technologies are included in renewable energy systems, which are intended to capture energy from renewable natural resources including sunlight, wind, water, and geothermal heat. These systems are not the same as fossil fuels, which have a limited supply and greatly exacerbate environmental degradation and climate change. Global initiatives to lessen the effects of climate change, cut greenhouse gas emissions, and achieve sustainable development must include the transition to renewable energy. It is crucial to define important words in the topic of renewable energy systems in order to comprehend it. Energy produced by constantly replenishing natural processes is referred to as renewable energy. This covers energy from biomass, geothermal, hydropower, wind, and solar sources. Photovoltaic cells or solar thermal collectors are used in solar power to extract energy from the sun. Using wind turbines, wind power transforms the kinetic energy of the wind into electrical energy. The energy of flowing water is harnessed to create electricity using hydropower. While geothermal energy uses heat from the Earth's core, biomass energy is created from organic materials.