Very Low Calorie Diets for Weight Loss in Obese Older Adults-A Randomized Trial

Abstract

Background: Obesity contributes to disability in older adults, and this is offset by weight loss and exercise. Very Low Calorie Diets (VLCDs) achieve rapid weight loss; however, these have not been rigorously evaluated in older people. Methods: A randomized trial was conducted from August 2012 through December 2015. The intervention was 12 weeks of thrice weekly exercise combined with either healthy eating advice (Ex/HE), hypocaloric diet (Ex/Diet), or VLCD (Ex/VLCD). Outcomes were physical function, measured by 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and De Morton Mobility Index (DEMMI). Other measures were body composition measured by Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry, and nutritional parameters (albumin, vitamins B12 and D, ferritin and folate). Results: 36, 40, and 41 participants were randomized to Ex/HE, Ex/Diet, and Ex/VLCD, respectively. At 12 weeks, weight was reduced by 3.7, 5.1, and 11.1% (p