Development of an innovative and environmentally friendly alternative binder for application in the Nigerian construction industry: A review

Abstract

The cement-based construction industries particularly in developing countries like Nigeria faces numerous challenges amongst are natural resource depletion, energy consumption, production costs, and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) that contribute to climate change. Therefore, the creation of an innovative and environmentally friendly binder that will serve as an alternative building material with sound adaptation and application in construction is imperative. Portland Limestone Cement (PLC) binders have been replaced by an alkali-activated binder (AAB) which appears to have better properties and environmental effects. This paper evaluated the state-of-the-art of alkali-activated binders, classification and reaction mechanism, constituent and factors influencing properties of AAB. In addition, it assessed the opportunities, application and sustainability of AAB. The discovery showed that the innovative and environmentally friendly binder promotes the advocacy of greenhouse construction. This is in line with sustainability requirements which is meeting our own needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It is therefore recommended that alkaline-activated binders (AAB) should be used as an innovative and environmentally alternative binder to PLC for various building and civil engineering applications in the Nigerian construction industry.