A Comparison of Potentially Inappropriate Medications Identification Using Beers and STOPP Criteria in Hospitalized Geriatric Patients in Jakarta

Abstract

Adverse Drug Events (ADE) are closely related to Potentially Inappropriate Medications (PIMs) among the elderly, and can cause an increase in morbidity, mortality, and medical cost. The tools often used to assess PIMs include Beers and Screening Tool of Older Persons’ Prescriptions (STOPP) Criteria. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the PIMs identification using Beers 2019 and STOPP version 2 2016 Criteria. A descriptive-analytical method was used, and data were collected retrospectively from the medical records of 340 patients at Pondok Kopi Islamic Hospital period in 2018. The results showed that among 324 patients who met the inclusion criteria with Beers 2019, PIMs were present in 136 (41.85%), with 181 cases. Most of them were on criteria 3, namely 46 (25.41%) and 33 (18.23%) cases of furosemide and spironolactone, respectively. Meanwhile, out of 308 patients who met the inclusion criteria with STOPP, PIMs were found in 14 (4.55%) with a total of 18 cases. The use of aspirin or clopidogrel was observed in 7 people (38.89%) with uncontrolled severe hypertension, while NSAID usage was found in 3 uncontrolled severe hypertension patients (16.67%). Furthermore, there were 3 cases of aldosterone antagonist or ARB usage, which was combined with other drugs that can increase potassium without proper monitoring of the serum level (16.67%). In Pondok Kopi Islamic Hospital, Beers 2019 criteria can describe PIMs data better than the STOPP version 2 2016 due to data availability. Clinician and pharmacist collaboration is also needed in formulating the critical supporting data.