Proliferative activity of bile from congenital choledochal cyst patients

Abstract

Aim: To explore the potential carcinogenicity of bile from congenital choledochal cyst (CCC) patients and the mechanism of the carcinogenesis in congenital choledochal cyst patients. Methods: 20 bile samples from congenital choledochal cyst patients and 10 normal control bile samples were used for this study. The proliferative effect of bile was measured by using Methabenzthiazuron (MTT) assay; Cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by using flow cytometry (FCM), and the PGE2 levels in the supernatant of cultured cholangiocarcinoma cells were quantitated by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). Results: CCC bile could significantly promote the proliferation of human cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 cells compared with normal bile (P=0.001) and negative control group (P=0.002), and the proliferative effect of CCC bile could be abolished by addition of cyclooxygenase-2 specific inhibitor celecoxib (20 μM). The QBC939 cells proliferative index was increased significantly after treated with 1 % bile from CCC patient (P=0.008) for 24 h, the percentage of S phase (29.48±3.27)% was increased remarkably (P<0.001) compared with normal bile (11.72±2.70) %, and the percentage of G0/G1 phase (54.19±9.46) % was decreased remarkably (P=0.042) compared with normal bile (69.16±10.88) %, however, bile from CCC patient had no significant influence on apoptosis of QBC939 cells (P=0.719). Conclusion: Bile from congenital choledochal cyst patients can promote the proliferation of human cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 cells via COX-2 and PGE2 pathway.