Antiproliferative and apoptosis effect of hyptolide from hyptis pectinata (l.) poit on human breast cancer cells

Abstract

Hyptolide was isolated from the leaves of Hyptis pectinata (L.) Poit and was studied in order to discover and develop an anticancer drug. Hyptolide was obtained as a crystal of 87°C-88°C melting point. Spectroscopic identification results show a wave number at 1,735 cm-1 indicating the presence of α, β-unsaturated δ-lactone. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis provides a single peak in the retention time of 11.701 by m/z value at 239, which indicates explicitly hyptolide. The objective of this research was to evaluate the hyptolide's mechanism of cytotoxic on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells in positive estrogen receptor. The assay test to 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-dphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) showed that hyptolide exhibited cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cells with an IC50 value of 76.76 and 181.55 μg/ml, respectively. Interestingly, the treatment of hyptolide for 24, 48, and 72 hours decreased cell viability on MCF-7 with dose-and time-dependent manner compared to untreated cells. Results of acridine orange-ethidium bromide multiple staining assay revealed that hyptolide induced apoptosis in a dosedependent manner. It can be concluded that hyptolide possesses antiproliferative effects through apoptosis induction.