Evaluation of aqueous extract of robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) leaves for controlling Argulus japonicus infestation on common carp seed

Abstract

Argulus japonicus is common crustacea ectoparasite that infest in freshwater fish. The heavy infestation may trigger other fish pathogen infection which lead to mass mortality. Common carp seed has been known as the most vulnerable host for A. japonicus infestation due to their immature immune system. Generally, A. japonicus infestation could be controlled by chemical pesticides but its long-term use could create a harmful effect on the environment. Therefore, an eco-friendly natural product is needed to replace chemical pesticide. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectivity of water extract of robusta coffee leaves to control A. japonicus infestation. Water extract of robusta coffee leaves was obtained from decoction method. The fish were infected with A. japonicus by artificial infestation using cohabitation method. The infected fish were dipped at different concentration 400 (P1), 800 (P2), 1200 (P3) and 1600 ppm (P4) of water extract for 30 minutes. The result presented that the water extract of robusta coffee leaves was effective to control A. japonicus infestation in 1600 ppm. This study revealed that robusta coffee leaves have anti-parasitic activity against A. japonicus. Hence, it can be used as an alternative natural product for controlling A. japonicus infestation in fish.