Advances in thermoelectric materials and devices for energy harnessing and utilization

Abstract

The emerging global need for energy generation, conservation, and utilization has intensified interest in more efficient, cost-effective and pollution-free means of power generation. Thermoelectric materials can generate electrical energy from waste heat and can play an important role in a global alternative energy solution. Recently, there have been significant advances in direct thermal-to-electrical energy conversion materials development and this has generated increased interest in the field of chemistry, physics and materials engineering. This article highlights a combination of new high performance materials, new device concepts and future directions to improve material efficiencies and cost effectiveness. Here, I have first presented a brief introduction to thermoelectrics followed by the reason for the importance of the research and development in this field for India. I have discussed about the main criteria for good thermoelectric materials and provided important examples of state-of-the-art materials followed by future direction and conclusions.