Komparasi Hukum Pada Fatwa Cryptocurrency di Malaysia dan Timur Tengah

Abstract

Abstract Cryptocurrency is a digital currency that is used as a means of exchange for online transactions. The use of Cryptocurrency has become a hot issue in the world, considering the significant current of change in digital technology, so an in-depth study regarding Cryptocurrency law is very necessary. This research discusses legal comparisons on Cryptocurrency fatwas in Malaysia and the Middle East. The aim of this research is to analyze and compare the legal status of Cryptocurrency fatwas in Malaysia and the Middle East. The method used in this research is a comparative juridical approach. The research results show that there are differences between Cryptocurrency fatwas in Malaysia and the Middle East, these differences are based on different legal reasons. In Malaysia, a study of sharia law explains that Cryptocurrency does not meet the criteria as a currency. In Egypt, the use of Cryptocurrency has the potential to damage the economic order considering that the transaction exchange medium used is not in accordance with Sharia law. In Pakistan, Cryptocurrency is against the terms of money set by FATT. In Saudi Arabia, Cryptocurrency opens up opportunities for illegal transactions and is contrary to Islamic economic rules. And Iran, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei's group gave a signal that it would allow the use of Cryptocurrency, but other groups opposed the use of Cryptocurrency as a medium of exchange or commodity. Keywords: Cryptocurrency, Malaysian Fatwa, Middle EastAbstrak Cryptocurrency merupakan mata uang digital yang digunakan sebagai alat tukar transaksi online. Penggunaan Cryptocurrency telah menjadi isu hangat di dunia, mengingat arus perubahan teknologi digital yang singnifikan, sehingga kajian mendalam terkait hukum Cryptocurrency sangat diperlukan. Penelitian ini membahas tentang Komparasi hukum pada fatwa Cryptocurrency di malaysia dan timur tengah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisa serta mengkomparasikan status hukum pada fatwa Cryptocurrency di Malaysia dan Timur Tengah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan pendekatan yuridis komparatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan antara fatwa Cryptocurrency di Malaysia dan Timur tengah, perbedaan tersebut dilandaskan pada alasan hukum yang berbeda-beda. Di Malaysia, kajian hukum syara' menjelaskan bahwa Cryptocurrency tidak memenuhi kriteria sebagai mata uang. Di Mesir, penggunaan Cryptocurrency dapat perpotensi merusak tatanan ekonomi mengingat alat tukar transaksi yang digunakan tidak sesuai dengan hukum syara'. Di Pakistan, Cryptocurrency bertentangan dengan syarat uang yang ditetapkan oleh FATT. Di Arab Saudi, Cryptocurrency membuka peluang terjadinya transaksi ilegal dan bertentangan dengan kaidah ekonomi Islam. Dan Iran, kelompok Ayatollah Ali Khamenei memberikan isyarat kebolehan penggunaan Cryptocurrency, namun kelompok lain menentang atas penggunaan Cryptocurrency sebagai alat tukar atau komoditas. Kata Kunci: Cryptocurrency, Fatwa Malaysia, Timur Tengah