Altered expression of α-dystroglycan subunit in human gliomas

Abstract

Dystroglycan (DG) is an integral membrane receptor of extracellular matrix proteins, composed of two subunits α and β derived from a common precursor. In brain DG is expressed in neurons, glia limitans, astrocytic endfeet around vessels and endothelial cells. We investigate whether DG may play a role in brain tumors. Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis showed that, while β-DG subunit was present, the highly glycosylated α-DG subunit was strongly reduced in surgically derived human glioblastoma biopsies, in low passage patient-derived cultures and in glioma cell lines, U87MG and A172MG, but not in all glioma cell lines tested. Immunohistochemistry of tumor frozen sections revealed that the loss of α-DG was confined in the tumor area but not around blood vessels. Overexpression of DG decreased the growth rate of the glioma cell lines lacking the highly glycosylated α-DG subunit and the colony-forming efficiency. Clonogenic assay in presence of temozolomide showed an additive effect between DG overexpression and drug treatment. Our data suggest that DG may be involved in the progression of primary brain tumors. ©2006 Landes Bioscience.