Scrutinize Research on Underwater Welding Process: A Review

Abstract

The paper describes principles of underwater welding and recent trends in research works undertaken for enhance welding technology and properties of underwater welds.Welding in offshore and marine application is an area of research and understanding where, many problems are still unsolved. In the present paper, a brief classification of underwater welding is made, the principals involved and the advantages and disadvantages of the various types of underwater welding are described.The paper discusses various topics including temperature histories and microstructural transformation, optimum welding current and speed, optimum weld bead shape, and optimum hardness profiles.The entire program covered various subjects including the heat transfer and flow during underwater welding, the mechanisms of metal transfer and arc bubble formation, and the effects of water environment on the metallurgical structures and the properties of underwater welds.