Presenting an Adaptive Restraint Method to Improve Performance of Ground Differential Protection of Power Transformer

Abstract

The ground differential (GD) relay is used to detect internal ground faults on the power transformer windings and terminals. In fact, this relay is employed as a complement to the phase differential (PD) relay. However, its stability is affected by magnetic saturation in current transformers (CTs) cores so that the spurious differential current caused by CT saturation may lead to the relay malfunction. In this paper, by modifying the restraining current definition in a conventional method, an adaptive restrain method is proposed. To evaluate the proposed method performance compared with conventional method, a real 230/63 kV power transformer under a large number of internal fault, external fault and in rush current cases are simulated in PSCAD/EMTDC environment. It is worth noting that Jiles-Atherton (JA) model is utilized to simulate CTs. MATLAB software is used to implement and analyze these methods using obtained simulation. Obtained results show that the proposed method is quite superior to the conventional method, despite its simplicity.