Analysis of the Bioactive Compounds and Antibacterial Test on N-Hexane Extract of Ramie (Boehmeria nivea)

Abstract

Ramie (Boehmeria nivea) is one of the Urticaceae family plants with various potentials for pharmacological development. The research aimed to analyze the bioactive compound of n-hexane extracts of B. nivea leaves and flowers. Furthermore, antibacterial tests were carried out on the n-hexane extracts to determine their potency. The metabolites in the leaves and flowers of ramie were analyzed using a Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). Antibacterial potential analysis was carried out by disc diffusion method using n-hexane extract of ramie leaves and flowers at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% in inhibiting Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia. The results showed that the metabolome data of the n-hexane extract of ramie leaves and flowers were 40 and 47 compounds, respectively. The crude n-hexane extract of B. nivea flower gave antibacterial activity at 80% and 100% concentrations against E. coli with an average clear zone of 9.15 ± 0.31 mm and 10.29 ± 0.28 mm. The results of confirmation of the dominant compound by GC-MS showed that the n-hexane extract consisted of tetratetracontane, tetracontane, Stigmast-5-en-3-vol,(3.beta.,24S)-(CAS)Clionasterol, methyl comment D, and 2,6,10,14,18,22-Tetracosahexsaene,2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl-, (all-E). The study showed the antibacterial activity of the n-hexane extracts of ramie flower with moderate inhibition category. The presence of active compounds in ramie leaves and flowers has the potential for various biological activities. Based on the results of this study, the n-hexane extract of B. nivea is recommended for other potential biological activities with further tests, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and analgesic.