Accuracy of ultrasound-guided pudendal nerve block in the ischial spine and alcock's canal levels: A cadaveric study

Abstract

Background. Blockade of the pudendal nerve (PN) using ultrasound (US) guidance has been described at the levels of the ischial spine and Alcock's canal. However, no study has been conducted to compare anatomical accuracy between different approaches in targeting the PN. Objective. To investigate the accuracy of US-guided injection of the PN at the ischial spine and Alcock's canal levels. This study also compared the accuracy of the infiltrations by three sonographers with different levels of experience. Subjects. Eight Thiel-embalmed cadavers (16 hemipelvises). Methods. Three physiatrists trained in musculoskeletal US imaging with 12 years, five years, and one year of experience performed the injections. Each injected a 0.1-mL bolus of colored dye in both hemipelvises of each cadaver at the ischial spine and Alcock's canal levels under US guidance. Each cadaver received three injections per hemipelvis. The accuracy of the injection was determined following hemipelvis dissection by an anatomist. Results. The injections were accurate 33 times out of the total 42 attempts, resulting in 78% accuracy. Sixteen out of 21 injections at the ischial spine level were on target (76% accuracy), while the approach at Alcock's canal level yielded 17 successful injections (81% accuracy). The difference between the approaches was not statistically significant. There was also no significant difference in accuracy between the operators. Conclusions. US-guided injection of the PN can be performed accurately at both the ischial spine and Alcock's canal levels. The difference between the approaches was not statistically significant.