Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: Noninvasive Strategies for Patient Phenotyping and Risk Assessment

Abstract

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is relatively common among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). PH is most prevalent in patients undergoing hemodialysis, ranging from 32%-58%, depending on the definition of PH used. The reported incidence of PH is less frequent for patients receiving peritoneal dialysis (12%-42%), and renal transplant recipients are typically the least likely to have PH than either of these dialysis cohorts.1–6