El perfil del alumnado repetidor y no repetidor en una muestra de estudiantes españoles y latinoamericanos: Un estudio sobre los determinantes de sus logros académicos1

Abstract

This paper is aimed at describing the way a series of variables that have direct impact on academic achievement, characterize retained and non-retained Spanish or Latin American students. We have carried out a quantitative survey among students in the third cycle of the Primary level and the first cycle of the Compulsory Secondary Education level. Furthermore, we have gathered information regarding the components of their socioeconomic status directly from the families. The "sociocultural" and "stable over time" factors are the variables which best characterize retained students, whereas the "psychological" or "changing over time" factors are determining for non-retained students. We have analyzed the similarities with studies conducted in other educational settings, which were useful to contrast the basic theoretical model.