Building skin and energy efficiency in a hot climate with particular reference to Dubai, UAE

Abstract

The city of Dubai, which is the second largest of seven emirates of the United Arab Emirates, has been significantly shaped by various modern ideologies. It has become one of the wealthiest and most modern cities anywhere in the world, boasting the highest skyline in the Middle East. Despite the fact that Dubai is one of the hottest cities in the Gulf region, its modern architecture is characterized by transparent buildings. Most of the new buildings adopt the concept of a fully-glazed faade despite a lack of knowledge about the energy impact. Such a concept comes, in fact, with increased operational costs due to the higher solar gain. It is important for architects and engineers to understand the behaviour of the buildings they design if environmental performance and comfort are to be maximized. To achieve appropriate conditions, technical installations are much utilised to compensate for shortcomings in the concept of the building skin. Based on the climatic conditions of Dubai, the paper attempts to increase energy efficiency by identifying the optimal parameters for building skins. Attention is given to the use of double skin faade systems, since these allow natural ventilation, provide a degree of sound insulation, provide a reduction in energy consumption, and increase occupant comfort. In this context, various issues will be considered: urban transformation patterns of Dubai; the performance of the building skin; the strategies of double skin faade; and lessons of experience.