Pola Penggunaan Obat dan Keparahan Interaksi Obat Pada Pasien Rheumatoid Arthritis Di RSUD R.A. Kartini Jepara

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that requires long-term therapy with a combination of drugs, thus posing a risk of drug interactions. This study aims to analyze medication patterns, types and severity of potential drug interactions, and their relationship with the characteristics of RA patients at R.A. Kartini Regional General Hospital. This was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design using total sampling of 57 RA patients from January to October 2025. Data were obtained retrospectively from medical records. The results showed that the majority of patients were aged 40–59 years (79%), female (84.2%), with osteoarthritis as the most common comorbidity (26.8%). The most commonly used drug was methylprednisolone (32.4%). The most common drug interactions were pharmacodynamic interactions in the combination of corticosteroids and NSAIDs (14.6%) with a severity level dominated by the moderate category. Chi-square and binary logistic regression analyses showed that the number of drugs was associated with the severity of drug interactions (p=0.034), where the use of ≥5 drugs increased the risk of severe drug interactions.