Changes in myoplasmic Ca2+ during fatigue differ between FDB fibers, between glibenclamide-exposed and Kir6.2-/- fibers and are further modulated by verapamil

Abstract

One objective of this study was to document how individual FDB muscle fibers depend on the myoprotection of KATP channels during fatigue. Verapamil, a CaV1.1 channel blocker, prevents large increases in unstimulated force during fatigue in KATP-channel-deficient muscles. A second objective was to determine if verapamil reduces unstimulated [Ca2+]i in KATP-channel-deficient fibers. We measured changes in myoplasmic [Ca2+] ([Ca2+]i) using two KATP-channel-deficient models: (1) a pharmacological approach exposing fibers to glibenclamide, a channel blocker, and (2) a genetic approach using fibers from null mice for the Kir6.2 gene. Fatigue was elicited with one tetanic contraction every sec for 3 min. For all conditions, large differences in fatigue kinetics were observed from fibers which had greater tetanic [Ca2+]i at the end than at the beginning of fatigue to fibers which eventually completely failed to release Ca2+upon stimulation. Compared to control conditions, KATP-channel-deficient fibers had a greater proportion of fiber with large decreases in tetanic [Ca2+]i, fade and complete failure to release Ca2+upon stimulation. There was, however, a group of KATP-channel-deficient fibers that had similar fatigue kinetics to those of the most fatigue-resistant control fibers. For the first time, differences in fatigue kinetics were observed between Kir6.2-/-and glibenclamide-exposed muscle fibers. Verapamil significantly reduced unstimulated and tetanic [Ca2+]i. It is concluded that not all fibers are dependent on the myoprotection of KATP channels and that the decrease in unstimulated force by verapamil reported in a previous studies in glibenclamide-exposed fibers is due to a reduction in Ca2+load by reducing Ca2+influx through CaV1.1 channels between and during contractions.